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© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.
Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class ____________
Earth, Moon, and Sun
Multiple Choice
Write the letter of the correct answer on the line at the left.
____ 1. Earth’s spinning on its axis is called its
a. revolution.
b. orbit.
c. rotation.
d. cycle.
____ 2. Which of the following events occurs once every 24 hours?
a. Earth revolves around the sun.
b. The moon rotates on its axis.
c. The moon revolves around Earth.
d. Earth rotates on its axis.
____ 3. When the south end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun
a. it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere.
b. it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere.
c. the sun is low in the sky in the Southern Hemisphere.
d. the sun is farthest north of the equator.
____ 4. In a leap year, the number of days is
a. 365.
b. 366.
c. 364.
d. 365 1/4.
____ 5. Spring tides occur
a. when the sun and moon are at right angles to Earth.
b. when day and night are equal.
c. when the sun, moon, and Earth line up.
d. only when the sun and moon are the same distance from Earth.
____ 6. The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion is
a. inertia.
b. orbital motion.
c. gravity.
d. universal gravitation.
____ 7. The pull of gravity on the surface of the moon is
a. six times that of Earth.
b. one quarter that of Earth.
c. one eightieth that of Earth.
d. one sixth that of Earth.
Earth, Moon, and Sun
¦
Chapter Test. © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice
Hall. All rights reserved.
Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class ____________
Earth,
Moon,
and
Sun
____ 8. Maria are
a. seas on the moon.
b. regions with many craters.
c. regions formed from huge lava flows.
d. lunar highlands.
____ 9. The darkest part of the moon’s shadow is the
a. penumbra.
b. umbra.
c. solar eclipse.
d. new moon.
____ 10. The moon’s surface gets very hot in direct sunlight because
a. one side is always turned toward the sun.
b. the moon has no liquid water to absorb the sun’s energy.
c. the moon has no atmosphere.
d. only some areas have crater walls to shield against sunlight.
Completion
Fill in the line to complete each statement.
11. The two days on which the sun is overhead at either 23.5 degrees north
or south are called ________________________.
12. A tide with the smallest difference between low and high tides is called
a ________________________.
13. The force of gravity on an object is its ________________________.
14. A lunar eclipse occurs only when the moon is in the
________________________ phase.
15. Each of the two days of the year when neither hemisphere is tilted
toward the sun is known as a(n) ________________________.
True or False
Determine whether each statement is true or false. If it is true, write true. If it is
false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true.
_________ 16. In one year, Earth completes 365 revolutions.
_________ 17. The day in March on which the sun is overhead at noon at the
equator
is called the autumnal solstice.
_________ 18. A solar eclipse occurs during a full moon when Earth is directly
between the moon and the sun.
_________ 19. When the moon is in Earth’s umbra, you see a total lunar
eclipse.
_________ 20. The distance between two objects and the masses of the objects
deter-mine
the strength of the force of gravity.
Earth, Moon, and Sun
¦
Chapter Test. © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice
Hall. All rights reserved.
Name ____________________________ Date____________________ Class ____________
Using Science Skills
Use the diagram below to answer questions 21 and 22. Answer each question on the
lines provided.
21. Inferring Where in the sky would the sun appear to an observer at each
of the four positions on Earth shown in the diagram? (Examples:
overhead, on the horizon, not visible.)
A. ______________________________________________________________________
B. ______________________________________________________________________
C. ______________________________________________________________________
D. ______________________________________________________________________
22. Drawing Conclusions What is the phase of the moon when it is in each
of the positions shown?
E. ______________________________________________________________________
F. ______________________________________________________________________
G. ______________________________________________________________________
H. ______________________________________________________________________
Essay
Write an answer for each of the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.
23. Describe how the tides change at a point on the seashore over the course
of a day.
24. Explain why Earth experiences seasons.
25. Describe the events that most likely created the moon.
F
G
B
A
Earth
H
E
C
D
Earth, Moon, and Sun
¦
Chapter Test. © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice
Hall. All rights reserved.
Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class ____________
Earth,
Moon,
and
Sun
Using Science Skills
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions. Answer each in a brief
paragraph on a separate sheet of paper.
26. Interpreting Diagrams In which two positions of the moon would
Earth experience neap tides? In which would it experience spring tides?
Explain.
27. Applying Concepts Which phases of the moon would be visible during
the highest spring tides? At that time, would the person at point A be
witnessing high or low tide?
Essay
Write an answer for each of the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.
28. Why can’t astonomers use telescopes to study the entire surface of
the
moon from Earth? What other methods could they use?
29. Explain why we observe solar and lunar eclipses. Which is more
common to observe? Why?
30. Explain how Earth remains in orbit around the sun.
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